2 Samuel 19:20

Authorized King James Version

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For thy servant doth know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king.

Original Language Analysis

כִּ֚י H3588
כִּ֚י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
יָדַ֣ע doth know H3045
יָדַ֣ע doth know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 2 of 17
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
עַבְדְּךָ֔ For thy servant H5650
עַבְדְּךָ֔ For thy servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 3 of 17
a servant
כִּ֖י H3588
כִּ֖י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 4 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֲנִ֣י H589
אֲנִ֣י
Strong's: H589
Word #: 5 of 17
i
חָטָ֑אתִי that I have sinned H2398
חָטָ֑אתִי that I have sinned
Strong's: H2398
Word #: 6 of 17
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
וְהִנֵּה H2009
וְהִנֵּה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 7 of 17
lo!
בָ֣אתִי therefore behold I am come H935
בָ֣אתִי therefore behold I am come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 8 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
הַיּ֗וֹם this day H3117
הַיּ֗וֹם this day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 9 of 17
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
רִאשׁוֹן֙ the first H7223
רִאשׁוֹן֙ the first
Strong's: H7223
Word #: 10 of 17
first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
לְכָל H3605
לְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 11 of 17
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בֵּ֣ית of all the house H1004
בֵּ֣ית of all the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 12 of 17
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יוֹסֵ֔ף of Joseph H3130
יוֹסֵ֔ף of Joseph
Strong's: H3130
Word #: 13 of 17
joseph, the name of seven israelites
לָרֶ֕דֶת to go down H3381
לָרֶ֕דֶת to go down
Strong's: H3381
Word #: 14 of 17
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
לִקְרַ֖את to meet H7125
לִקְרַ֖את to meet
Strong's: H7125
Word #: 15 of 17
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
אֲדֹנִ֥י my lord H113
אֲדֹנִ֥י my lord
Strong's: H113
Word #: 16 of 17
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ the king H4428
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 17 of 17
a king

Cross References

Jeremiah 22:23O inhabitant of Lebanon, that makest thy nest in the cedars, how gracious shalt thou be when pangs come upon thee, the pain as of a woman in travail!Genesis 48:20And he blessed them that day, saying, In thee shall Israel bless, saying, God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh: and he set Ephraim before Manasseh.Genesis 48:14And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh's head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn.1 Kings 12:20And it came to pass, when all Israel heard that Jeroboam was come again, that they sent and called him unto the congregation, and made him king over all Israel: there was none that followed the house of David, but the tribe of Judah only.1 Kings 12:25Then Jeroboam built Shechem in mount Ephraim, and dwelt therein; and went out from thence, and built Penuel.Hosea 5:15I will go and return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me early.Hosea 5:3I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou committest whoredom, and Israel is defiled.2 Samuel 16:5And when king David came to Bahurim, behold, thence came out a man of the family of the house of Saul, whose name was Shimei, the son of Gera: he came forth, and cursed still as he came.2 Samuel 19:9And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and now he is fled out of the land for Absalom.

Analysis & Commentary

For thy servant doth know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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